August Vollmer (March 7, 1876 - November 4, 1955) was a former Berkeley, California police chief. He is widely considered the "father of modern policing", and was the first chief to require that police officers attain college degrees; during the 1920s, he persuaded the University of California to teach criminal justice. (This is often seen as the start of criminal justice as an academic field.) He was also the first police chief to create a "mobile" force, placing officers on bicycles, motorcycles, and in cars so that they could patrol a broader area with greater efficiency. He was also one of the first people to champion the use lie detectors in criminal work.

Subsequently he was chief of the Los Angeles Police Department but left after two years due to that force's reputation for corruption and hostility towards leadership coming from outside the department. The LAPD would not have another chief picked from outside the ranks for 60 years

Source: wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Vollmer

About the Berkeley Police Department:

The City of Berkeley was incorporated in 1878. The City was policed by a elected town Marshal. In addition the Marshal was assisted by elected Constables. Through these years the Marshal and Constables mostly served papers and seldom arrested without a warrant. Crime increased through the turn of the century. In 1905, August Vollmer was elected town Marshal. In 1909, he was appointed as this City's first Chief of Police. Chief August  Vollmer was instrumental in organizing this department, creating what we now call a "Code of Ethics", which included eliminating the acceptance of gratuities, rewards or favors."   Chief August Vollmer demanded a high level of honesty, efficiency, interest and hard work by his officers. This has continued to this day, which has been the foundation for our world wide reputation in the law enforcement field.

Chief August Vollmer is considered by some as the father of modern day law enforcement. His progressive thinking and use of new innovations in law enforcement became the foundation that our department has built on. Some of the early innovations by Chief Vollmer and this department were: In 1906, the department installed a basic records system (One of the first in the United States); In 1906, installed the first Modus Operandi (MO) System; In 1907, first use of scientific investigation (Kelinschmidt case - analysis of blood, fibers and soil).; In 1907, the department's police school was established. It included instruction from professors on such subjects as the law and evidence procedures. This was the first school of its kind in the world and had a far reaching effect on law enforcement; In 1911, organized the first Police Motorcycle Patrol; In 1913, changed to automobiles for patrolling; In 1916, Chief Vollmer established the first School of Criminology at University of California, at Berkeley. Chief Vollmer became a strong advocate of college educated police officers; In 1918, began using intelligence tests in recruiting police officers; In 1920, the first lie detector instrument was developed at University of California and used by our department; In 1921, began using a psychiatric screening in recruitment; In 1923, the first Junior Traffic Police Program was established; In 1924, established one of the first single fingerprint systems; In 1925, established our first Crime Prevention Division and hired the first Police Woman.

Source:

ci.berkeley.ca.us/police

/history/history.html